Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the west by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Mediterranean Sea. Europe is known for its diverse cultures, languages, and histories, comprising about 50 countries, including major nations like Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, and Spain.
The continent is characterized by a rich tapestry of geographical features, including mountain ranges such as the Alps and the Pyrenees, vast plains, and numerous rivers. Europe has played a significant role in global affairs, particularly in the fields of art, science, politics, and economics.
Historically, Europe has been central to various civilizations, including Ancient Greece and Rome, and has seen significant events such as the Renaissance, the Age of Enlightenment, and both World Wars. It is also known for its cultural contributions, including literature, philosophy, and music. Many international organizations, including the European Union (EU), are headquartered in Europe, influencing not only regional but global policies and economies.